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1988 Memorabilia from funding proposal for California.
1988-1989 Professor Emeritus Edward F. Sowell, Ph.D., P.E.
was Visiting Professor of Building Services Engineering and
guest research of Royal Institute of Technology, and
Swedish Institute of Applied Mathematics, Stockholm, Sweden.
http://www.ecs.fullerton.edu/~sowell/
During this time he and Ph.D. Engelbrekt Isfelt worked on a
proposal for research funding. This was aimed on finding out
if the work on energy savings and reduction of peak demands
done in Sweden, would be applicable for California. It is
interesting, because it shows the awareness in the research
community of the problems that was coming. The following
excerpt is published with the consent of Prof. Edward F. Sowell,
------- start excerpt -----
"The specific alternate policies and methods to be investigated
are patterned after ideas developed and applied in Sweden, notably
by Engelbrekt Isfelt and others. Briefly described, the idea is
to reverse the common U.S. design and control strategy in which
space temperature is prescribed and heating and/or cooling is
supplied in the required capacity to maintain this temperature.
Instead, the temperature that can be maintained with equipment of
prescribed capacity is determined. Thus the design procedure is
to determine the frequency of out-of-range temperature as a
function of equipment capacity, forming the basis for final
size specification.
This is coupled with a control policy in which conditioning
capacity is supplied at low amplitude over a longer period of
time, rather than at high capacity when space temperature gets
out of bounds as in current practice. The philosophy is to work
with the building thermal mass, trying to keep it within bounds
with gentle nudges at appropriate times, rather than attempting
to overcome the large load that would develop when this mass is
allowed to approach maximum set point bounds as in current practice.
Reasons to believe such a policy and sizing methodology might work
include the observation that nearly all zone load at any particular
instant comes from the solid surfaces. Thus if these surfaces are
kept within comfort range, the air temperature will "take care of
itself," (more or less), and loads will be small. Encouragement may
also be drawn from successful application of these principles in
Sweden. What must be done, however, is to verify their applicability
to California buildings which tend to be of lower mass and less
well insulated.
The potential benefits of successful application of these principles
are immense. Perhaps of greatest immediate interest is reduction of
demand for air conditioning. Limited studies carried out by Isfelt
suggest cooling capacities less than half of those required under
current practice. This translates into kW demand reduction, shifting
demand to off peak, and equipment first cost reduction. Significant
energy savings are also realized because the cooling is delivered
throughout the day and night, maximizing opportunities for economizing."
------- end excerpt -----
One sample of what was behind the above, is published at,
http://abingdon.energy.saving.nu/
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